KfUPM Hi I need annotated bibliography for three sources

full annotated biblography for three sources in  MBR technology 

We plan on studying “Membrane bio-reactor Technology”. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology is an advanced wastewater treatment process that integrates biological treatment with membrane filtration. In MBR systems, microorganisms biodegrade organic pollutants while a membrane barrier effectively separates treated water from activated sludge. This results in enhanced treatment efficiency, reduced footprint, and improved water quality. MBR technology is widely applied in industrial settings, offering a versatile solution for treating wastewater with high organic loads or stringent discharge requirements. Its applications range from treating domestic sewage in urban areas to industrial effluents from pharmaceuticals, food processing, and other sectors, where MBR provides a compact and efficient means of achieving stringent water quality standards. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology is regarded as a green separation method due to its sustainable approach to wastewater treatment. By combining biological processes with membrane filtration, MBR eliminates the need for secondary clarification steps, reducing the overall environmental footprint. Additionally, the efficient removal of contaminants and the potential for water reuse make MBR an environmentally friendly choice for wastewater treatment, contributing to resource conservation and minimizing the impact on ecosystems.